Abstract
The incorporation of three-dimensional technologies in dental education represents an area of innovation with high formative potential. This article presents a pedagogical proposal for teaching clinical reasoning, dental pathology diagnosis, and treatment planning using 3D-printed models derived from DICOM data of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. The theoretical foundations of CBCT as a diagnostic tool in oral surgery are integrated with sociocultural learning frameworks, activity theory, the affordance concept, and Design Thinking methodology, configuring a three-dimensional Open Educational Resource (OER). The clinical-pedagogical experience is documented through a periapical surgical planning case, and learning activities based on the analysis of printed biomodels and clinical problem-solving are described. Results indicate that 3D biomodels foster anatomical knowledge appropriation, clinical skill development, and diagnostic thinking, constituting a theoretically grounded tool for health sciences education.
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